What are the effects of fiber type of textile yarn on performance

Textile yarn is the basic component of textiles, and its fiber type is a key factor in determining yarn performance. Different types of fibers exhibit significant differences in physical properties, chemical properties, and final textile applications.
First of all, the strength of the fiber directly affects the durability and service life of the yarn. Polyester fiber with high strength and wear resistance is widely used in outdoor products, industrial fabrics and other fields. In contrast, soft, breathable cotton fibers are less strong and better suited for everyday clothing.
Secondly, the hygroscopicity of the fiber plays a decisive role in the breathability and sweat permeability of the yarn. Natural fibers such as cotton and linen have excellent hygroscopicity and breathability, and can effectively wick away sweat and prevent moisture, making them ideal for summer clothing. Synthetic fibers such as polyester and nylon have poor hygroscopicity, but have good quick-drying properties and are suitable for making sportswear and outdoor products.
In addition, the elasticity of the fiber determines the yarn's ability to recover after being subjected to external forces. Elastic fibers such as spandex and Lycra can give yarns excellent elasticity and recovery properties, making textiles less likely to deform during wear and remain beautiful. Some rigid fibers such as glass fibers have poor elasticity, but their high strength and stability make them irreplaceable in specific industrial fields.
In addition, the heat resistance of the fiber affects the stability of the yarn in high temperature environments. For example, high-performance fibers such as glass fiber and aramid can maintain good performance at high temperatures and are therefore widely used in fire-fighting clothing, industrial insulation and other fields.
The sheen and color of the fiber also have a significant impact on the appearance and texture of the yarn. Silk fiber is favored for its unique luster and silky feel and is a common material in high-end fashion. Some synthetic fibers use special surface treatments to simulate the luster and feel of natural fibers to achieve more diverse appearance effects.
Finally, the cost of fiber is also an important factor affecting the economic value of yarn. Although natural fibers such as cotton, linen and silk have excellent properties, their production costs are high and they are greatly affected by seasons and climate. Synthetic fibers have become the main material for a large number of textiles due to their stable production costs and controllable quality.